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2018

Новости за 02.10.2018

Bile acids drive chemotaxis of Clonorchis sinensis juveniles to the bile duct

Plos.org 

by Shunyu Li, Won Gi Yoo, Jin-Ho Song, Tae Im Kim, Sung-Jong Hong

Clonorchiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by Chinese liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis infection. C. sinensis is a biological carcinogen causing cholangiocarcinoma in humans. In the mammalian host, C. sinensis newly excysted juveniles (CsNEJs) migrate from the duodenum into the bile duct. Bile drives the chemotactic behavior of CsNEJs. Little is known about which components of bile induce the chemotaxis. We designed... Читать дальше...

Stress susceptibility in Trypanosoma brucei lacking the RNA-binding protein ZC3H30

Plos.org 

by Chaitali Chakraborty, Christine Clayton

Trypanosomes rely on post-transcriptional mechanisms and mRNA-binding proteins for control of gene expression. Trypanosoma brucei ZC3H30 is an mRNA-binding protein that is expressed in both the bloodstream form (which grows in mammals) and the procyclic form (which grows in the tsetse fly midgut). Attachment of ZC3H30 to an mRNA causes degradation of that mRNA. Cells lacking ZC3H30 showed no growth defect under normal culture conditions; but they... Читать дальше...



A survey of inter-individual variation in DNA methylation identifies environmentally responsive co-regulated networks of epigenetic variation in the human genome

Plos.org 

by Paras Garg, Ricky S. Joshi, Corey Watson, Andrew J. Sharp

While population studies have resulted in detailed maps of genetic variation in humans, to date there are few robust maps of epigenetic variation. We identified sites containing clusters of CpGs with high inter-individual epigenetic variation, termed Variably Methylated Regions (VMRs) in five purified cell types. We observed that VMRs occur preferentially at enhancers and 3’ UTRs. While the majority of VMRs have high heritability... Читать дальше...

Use of an individual-based model of pneumococcal carriage for planning a randomized trial of a whole-cell vaccine

Plos.org 

by Francisco Y. Cai, Thomas Fussell, Sarah Cobey, Marc Lipsitch

For encapsulated bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, asymptomatic carriage is more common and longer in duration than disease, and hence is often a more convenient endpoint for clinical trials of vaccines against these bacteria. However, using a carriage endpoint entails specific challenges. Carriage is almost always measured as prevalence, whereas the vaccine may act by reducing incidence or duration. Thus, to determine sample size requirements... Читать дальше...

Linking signal detection theory and encoding models to reveal independent neural representations from neuroimaging data

Plos.org 

by Fabian A. Soto, Lauren E. Vucovich, F. Gregory Ashby

Many research questions in visual perception involve determining whether stimulus properties are represented and processed independently. In visual neuroscience, there is great interest in determining whether important object dimensions are represented independently in the brain. For example, theories of face recognition have proposed either completely or partially independent processing of identity and emotional expression. Unfortunately... Читать дальше...

'I Have to Be Horny,' Says Jenny Slate

Jezebel.com 

There’s a new Jenny Slate profile, and it’s very horny—or at least it mentions the words “horny” and “horniness” a lot. (Seventeen times, to be exact.) Does that make it horny? Is talking about a thing the same thing as being the thing itself? I’m reminded of the classic Christina Aguilera film Burlesque, which…

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