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2020

Новости за 02.07.2020

A simple model for learning in volatile environments

Plos.org 

by Payam Piray, Nathaniel D. Daw

Sound principles of statistical inference dictate that uncertainty shapes learning. In this work, we revisit the question of learning in volatile environments, in which both the first and second-order statistics of observations dynamically evolve over time. We propose a new model, the volatile Kalman filter (VKF), which is based on a tractable state-space model of uncertainty and extends the Kalman filter algorithm to volatile environments. The proposed model... Читать дальше...

Using information theory to optimise epidemic models for real-time prediction and estimation

Plos.org 

by Kris V. Parag, Christl A. Donnelly

The effective reproduction number, Rt, is a key time-varying prognostic for the growth rate of any infectious disease epidemic. Significant changes in Rt can forewarn about new transmissions within a population or predict the efficacy of interventions. Inferring Rt reliably and in real-time from observed time-series of infected (demographic) data is an important problem in population dynamics. The renewal or branching process model is a popular solution... Читать дальше...

Extracellular loops of BtuB facilitate transport of vitamin B12 through the outer membrane of E. coli

Plos.org 

by Tomasz Pieńko, Joanna Trylska

Vitamin B12 (or cobalamin) is an enzymatic cofactor essential both for mammals and bacteria. However, cobalamin can be synthesized only by few microorganisms so most bacteria need to take it up from the environment through the TonB-dependent transport system. The first stage of cobalamin import to E. coli cells occurs through the outer-membrane receptor called BtuB. Vitamin B12 binds with high affinity to the extracellular side of the BtuB protein. BtuB forms... Читать дальше...

Last Call: Summer vacation, coronavirus edition

TheTakeout.com 

The moment that this hits the internet, I will officially be on vacation! Though I suppose technically I’m on “hiatus,” since I’m not actually going anywhere. Normally I would pack the husband and kids into the car and start checking things off the summer adventure list we cobble together during the winter and spring,…

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3 Federal Agencies Confirm an Ongoing Investigation Into Elijah McClain’s Death for Potential Civil Rights Violations

TheRoot.com 

The U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of Colorado, the U.S. Department of Justice’s Civil Rights Division and the Denver Division of the FBI released a joint statement Tuesday confirming that they have been reviewing the facts in the case of Elijah McClain, the 23-year-old Black man who died last August after an…

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I am proud the game of football is producing thoughtful, brave and reflective leaders

TheSun.co.uk 

WITH football having returned to our screens, and match reports and transfer gossip filling up social media feeds and newspaper pages, it is easy to feel as though those rhythms of normal life are back. But as I watched a mesmerising Manchester City attacking display at Newcastle last Sunday I was struck, not only […]

The Super Tank Battle of Kursk: Was It Really the Stuff of Legends?

The National Interest 

Michael Peck

History, Europe

Its popular history was constructed from German and Soviet propaganda, and based on early accounts lacking vital information buried in Russian archives until after the fall of the Soviet Union.

Key Point: Kursk was not the turning point of the war.

The title of Martin Caidin's 1974 history of the Battle of Kursk is still evocative, with its imagery of Nazi Germany's vaunted Tiger tanks in flames. Tigers burning brightly are just one legend... Читать дальше...





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