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2020

Новости за 10.08.2020

Adaptive mutations repeat themselves in tiny crustaceans of Lake Baikal

Eurekalert.org 

Researchers showed that parallel evolution driven by adaptations can be detected at the whole-genome level. Lake Baikal is home to hundreds of species of endemic amphipods that evolved from several species in their distant ancestry and embrace a variety of ecological niches from predators to planktonic forms and parasites. Parallels were found even between forms with totally different lifestyles.

Coronavirus transmission risk increases along wildlife supply chains

Eurekalert.org 

Coronaviruses were detected in a high proportion of bats and rodents in Viet Nam from 2013 to 2014, with an increasing proportion of positive samples found along the wildlife supply chain from traders to large markets to restaurants, according to a study published August 10, 2020 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Amanda Fine of the Wildlife Conservation Society and colleagues.

What the rest of the world can learn from South Korea's COVID-19 response

Eurekalert.org 

As the world continues to closely monitor the newest coronavirus outbreak, the government of South Korea has been able to keep the disease under control without paralyzing the national health and economic systems. CU Denver researcher Jongeun You reviewed South Korea's public health policy to learn how the country managed coronavirus from January through April 2020.

Schooling is critical for cognitive health throughout life

Eurekalert.org 

New research suggests that education provides little to no protection against the onset of cognitive declines later in life. It can, however, boost the cognitive skills people develop earlier in life, pushing back the point at which age-related dementia begins to impact a person's ability to care for themselves.

Agtech to the rescue in a pandemic: adapting plant labs for human testing

Eurekalert.org 

Just as redeploying a fleet of small British fishing boats helped during the Battle of Dunkirk, marshalling the research equipment and expertise of the many agtech labs around the world could help combat pandemics, say the authors of a just-published article in Nature Biotechnology. Sophisticated agtech labs and equipment used for crop and animal breeding, seed testing, and monitoring of plant and animal diseases could easily be adapted for diagnostic testing and tracing in a human pandemic or epidemic, the article states.



Oxytocin can help prevent osteoporosis

Eurekalert.org 

In a laboratory experiment with rats, Brazilian researchers succeeded in reversing natural processes associated with aging that lead to loss of bone density and strength.

GI symptoms linked to behavioral problems in children, especially those with autism

Eurekalert.org 

A new UC Davis Health study found that common gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as diarrhea, constipation and bloating are linked to troubling sleep problems, self-harm and physical complaints in preschool children. According to the study, published Aug. 6 in Autism Research, these GI symptoms are much more common and potentially disruptive in young kids with autism.

Study: Americans prize party loyalty over democratic principles

Eurekalert.org 

It is conventional wisdom that Americans cherish democracy -- but a new study by Yale political scientists reports that only a small fraction of U.S. voters are willing to sacrifice their partisan and policy interests to defend democratic principles.

ACM SIGCOMM underscores importance of communications technologies that keep daily life functioning

Eurekalert.org 

(Association for Computing Machinery) The Association for Computing Machinery's Special Interest Group on Data Communication (ACM SIGCOMM) today announced highlights of SIGCOMM 2020, its annual flagship conference. The five-day conference, considered the leading venue on the applications, technologies, architectures and protocols for wired and wireless networks, will be held virtually for the first time in its 50-year history from August 10-14.

SwRI receives $1 million Air Force contract to sustain aging aircraft

Eurekalert.org 

(Southwest Research Institute) Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) has received a $1 million contract from the U.S. Air Force, with Sabreliner Aviation, to continue structural analysis and other maintenance work on a fleet of military aircraft, the Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II.

Additional $400K awarded for fast-tracked COVID-19 heart and brain health research

Eurekalert.org 

(American Heart Association) The American Heart Association has awarded an additional $400,000 in research grants focused on the cardiovascular impact of COVID-19. The awards go to four more teams who submitted proposals for the COVID-19 and Its Cardiovascular Impact Rapid Response Grants during the original submission process in March.

EPICUR: Research now also funded by the EU Commission

Eurekalert.org 

(Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) ) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) is the consortium leader of the "EPICUR-Research" project which, from now on, will integrate research activities and interaction with society into the "European University" EPICUR (European Partnership for Innovative Campus Unifying Regions), thus rounding up the tasks of the alliance. The EU Commission is going to fund the project of this international consortium with two million euros over the next three years.

Trinity College's Dr. Tomas Ryan wins 2020 Lister Institute Research Prize

Eurekalert.org 

(Trinity College Dublin) Dr Tomas Ryan of the Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience has been awarded the highly prestigious 2020 Lister Institute Research Prize. He is the first scientist in a higher institution in Ireland to receive the fellowship. Dr Ryan will use the prize to pursue research into memory "engrams" to better understand if - and how - we may retrieve misplaced infant memories in adults.

Global consortium for reproductive longevity and equality announces first awards

Eurekalert.org 

(Buck Institute for Research on Aging) The Global Consortium for Reproductive Longevity and Equality (GCRLE) has awarded a total of $7.4 million to 22 researchers who share a vision of advancing research to better understand the underlying causes of female reproductive aging. Located at the Buck Institute for Research on Aging, the GCRLE is made possible by the Bia-Echo Foundation. Grantees range from early career scientists to established scholars in the field.

Quantitative Science Studies Journal to participate in transparent peer review

Eurekalert.org 

(Massachusetts Institute of Technology) The MIT Press announced today that Quantitative Science Studies, the official open access journal of the International Society for Scientometrics and Informetrics, has started a pilot program with Clarivate to utilize the Publons transparent peer review and reviewer recognition services on the Web of Science platform.

Engineers enlist fungi to advance against disease

Eurekalert.org 

(Rice University) Rice University engineers find the mechanism in fungus that produces a potential drug scaffold. The National Institutes of Health awards a multiyear grant to the lab to continue its work.

An ancient association? Crickets disperse seeds of early-diverging orchid Apostasia nipponica

Eurekalert.org 

Associate Professor SUETSUGU Kenji (Kobe University Graduate School of Science) presents evidence of the apparently unusual seed dispersal system by crickets and camel crickets in Apostasia nipponica (Apostasioideae), acknowledged as an early-diverging lineage of Orchidaceae. These findings are published on August 11 in the online edition of Evolution Letters.





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