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2020

Новости за 30.10.2020

The pneumococcal social network

Plos.org 

by Surya D. Aggarwal, Hasan Yesilkaya, Suzanne Dawid, N. Luisa Hiller

Gram-positive bacteria employ an array of secreted peptides to control population-level behaviors in response to environmental cues. We review mechanistic and functional features of secreted peptides produced by the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae. We discuss sequence features, mechanisms of transport, and receptors for 3 major categories of small peptides: the double-glycine peptides, the Rap, Rgg, NprR, PlcR, and PrgX (RRNPP)-binding peptides... Читать дальше...

“Trained immunity” from Mycobacterium spp. exposure or BCG vaccination and COVID-19 outcomes

Plos.org 

by Samer Singh, Rajendra Prakash Maurya, Rakesh K. Singh

Protective variables for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) are unknown. “Trained immunity” of the populace as a result of Bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination policy implementation and coverage had been suggested to be one of the factors responsible for the differential impact of COVID-19 on different countries. Several trials are underway to evaluate the potential protective role of BCG vaccination in COVID-19. However, the... Читать дальше...

Consideration of body mass index (BMI) in the association between hand grip strength and hypertension: Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA)

Plos.org 

by Doukyoung Chon, Jaeyong Shin, Jae-Hyun Kim

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between grip strength and hypertension in the Korean population aged 65 years or older. Furthermore, individual differences in BMI were taken into account to examine whether grip strength or a relative grip strength predicted hypertension better.

Methods

Data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing from 2006 to 2016 were assessed, and a total of 3,383 participants were analyzed in our study (Male... Читать дальше...



Development of the life change adaptation scale for family caregivers of individuals with acquired brain injury

Plos.org 

by Yuka Shindo, Etsuko Tadaka

Aim

Life changes due to the sudden onset of acquired brain injury (ABI) are drastic personal and social changes that require adaptation and are also an important indicator of the quality of life of family caregivers. However, there are no instruments for evaluating life change adaptation among family caregivers of individuals with acquired brain injury. This study aimed to develop the Life Change Adaptation Scale (LCAS) for family caregivers of individuals... Читать дальше...

An improved sequential auction with complementarity for pricing the construction land quota

Plos.org 

by Jingyu Liu, Weidong Meng, Yuyu Li, Bo Huang

The paradox between idle homesteads in rural areas and the shortage of construction land in urban areas is concerning. Hence, local governments encourage farmers to reclaim their idle homesteads and farmlands to generate quota. However, the current quota price, which is based on the land reclamation cost, is often inadequate to motivate farmers. This study proposed that the construction land quota and construction land are complementary items... Читать дальше...

Molecular detection and genetic characterization of Trichomonas gallinae in falcons in Saudi Arabia

Plos.org 

by Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei

Avian trichomonosis is primarily caused by Trichomonas gallinae, a flagellated protozoan parasite that especially infects the upper digestive tract of columbid bird species and their avian predators. However, this parasite has recently been found to be distributed worldwide in various other avian species. This parasitic disease is common in captive falcons in Saudi Arabia and the Middle East. This study aimed to examine and identify the genetic variation of T. Читать дальше...

Investigating the test-retest reliability of Illinois Agility Test for wheelchair users

Plos.org 

by Zohreh Salimi, Martin William Ferguson-Pell

The Illinois Agility Test (IAT) is a standard agility course used to assess and train able-bodied athletes as well as wheelchair-sport athletes and rehabilitation of wheelchair users. It has been shown to be a reliable and valid tool to assess the able-bodied population, but the reliability of this test for assessing wheelchair propulsion has never been shown. The purpose of this study is to investigate the test-retest reliability of IAT to assess wheelchair propulsion. Читать дальше...

Temperature affects the host hematological and cytokine response following experimental ranavirus infection in red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans)

Plos.org 

by Jeremy M. Rayl, Matthew C. Allender

Pathogen-host interactions are important components of epidemiological research, but are scarcely investigated in chelonians. Red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans), are recognized as a model for frog virus-3 infection (FV3), a ranavirus in the family Iridoviridae that infects multiple classes of ectothermic vertebrates. Previous challenge studies observed differences in disease outcome based on environmental temperature in this species, but the host response was minimally evaluated. Читать дальше...

Mesenchymal stem cells promote metastasis through activation of an ABL-MMP9 signaling axis in lung cancer cells

Plos.org 

by Jing Jin Gu, Jacob Hoj, Clay Rouse, Ann Marie Pendergast

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recruited and activated by solid tumors and play a role in tumor progression and metastasis. Here we show that MSCs promote metastasis in a panel of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. MSCs elicit transcriptional alterations in lung cancer cells leading to increased expression of factors implicated in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and secreted proteins including matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9). Читать дальше...

Prescription-based prediction of baseline mortality risk among older men

Plos.org 

by Rolf Gedeborg, Hans Garmo, David Robinson, Pär Stattin

Background

Understanding the association between patients’ history of prescribed medications and mortality rate could optimize characterization of baseline risk when the Charlson Comorbidity Index is insufficient.

Methods

Using a Swedish cohort of men selected randomly as controls to men with prostate cancer diagnosed 2007–2013, we estimated the association between medications prescribed during the previous year and mortality rates... Читать дальше...

A discrete-time-evolution model to forecast progress of Covid-19 outbreak

Plos.org 

by Evaldo M. F. Curado, Marco R. Curado

Here we present a discrete-time-evolution model with one day interval to forecast the propagation of Covid-19. The proposed model can be easily implemented with daily updated data sets of the pandemic publicly available by distinct online sources. It has only two adjustable parameters and it predicts the evolution of the total number of infected people in a country for the next 14 days if parameters do not change during the analyzed period. The model... Читать дальше...





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