“Five Minutes”
In this narrative medicine essay, a retired family physician recalls sitting with her mother in the final minutes of her life after the ventilator has been removed.
In this narrative medicine essay, a retired family physician recalls sitting with her mother in the final minutes of her life after the ventilator has been removed.
This Insights in the Women’s Health series describes perinatal depression (occurring prepregnancy through postpartum periods) and new recommendations and treatment guidelines for this condition.
An estimated 54 million people in the US experienced chronic pain in 2020. Recent data suggest that roughly 1 in 4 of those people use solely pharmacologic interventions and might be missing out on nondrug approaches to manage their pain, researchers reported in the Annals of Internal Medicine.
Although the proportion of people vaccinated against measles grew to 86% worldwide between 2000 and 2019, that number fell to 81% during the COVID-19 pandemic and still has not returned to prepandemic levels. The decline has left millions vulnerable to the virus, which can cause complications including encephalitis and death, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and World Health Organization wrote in a joint report.
Worldwide, 13 million infants are born preterm, and almost 1 million die within 1 month. But leaving the umbilical cord intact for at least 2 minutes after birth might reduce the mortality risk of premature infants by as much as 69% compared with immediate cord clamping, according to results from a pair of meta-analyses that each involved more than 6000 infants.
Roughly 49 million people aged 12 years or older in the US lived with a substance use disorder in 2022, and about 59 million people lived with a mental illness, according to numbers from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health released by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA).
A recent study found that weekly treatment with semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, reduced the risk of a combination of stroke, heart attack, and death from cardiovascular causes by 20% compared with placebo. A primary cardiovascular event occurred in 6.5% of the semaglutide group and 8% of the placebo group.
New results suggest that a live-virus vaccine intended to protect against shingles—a condition caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, which also causes chickenpox—prevented illness in 67% of people in the first year after vaccination. But after 10 years, the vaccine’s efficacy against shingles, also known as herpes zoster, had declined to 15%. The study used electronic health record data from more than 500 000 adults aged 50 years or older who received the shot between 2007 and 2018 in California.
People with prediabetes who took part in a lifestyle intervention that provided individualized support for weight management, more healthful eating, and increased physical activity lowered their blood glucose levels by 15 mg/dL on average, according to results from a large UK study that included more than 2 million participants. Prediabetes is defined by blood glucose levels between 100 to 125 mg/dL—higher than normal but still below the cutoff for type 2 diabetes.
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently greenlit the first vaccine to prevent chikungunya, a disease spread by mosquitos carrying the chikungunya virus. The agency called the virus an “emerging global health threat” due to its growing prevalence and geographic range. The vaccine, marketed as Ixchiq by Valneva Austria GmbH, is approved for adults 18 years or older who are at high risk of exposure to chikungunya virus.
The gap in life expectancy between men and women widened to about 6 years in 2021—an increase from the low of roughly 4.8 years in 2010, according to an analysis of US National Center for Health Statistics data. Overall, in 2021, women had an average life expectancy of 79.3 years and men had an average life expectancy of 73.5 years.
This Viewpoint argues that although “food is medicine” programs may help some patients prevent diet-related diseases, changing food industry behavior and ensuring that existing nutrition assistance programs are accessible and health-promoting are better strategies to make a difference.
This study assesses what hospital characteristics, including hospital participation in payment and delivery reform, are associated with activities related to health-related social needs.
A 72-year-old man presented to the emergency department with fevers, night sweats, and rash 3 days after condomless vaginal intercourse. Results of a fourth-generation HIV test were positive and HIV-1-/2 antibody differentiation testing was negative. How would you interpret these results?
This study examines discharge trends for opioid-related admissions from 2016-2020 with a focus on admissions with opioid use disorder and an injection-related infection.
This review discusses the epidemiology, clinical presentation and diagnosis, and treatment for common painful foot and ankle conditions, including Morton neuroma, plantar fasciitis, and Achilles tendinopathy.
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This randomized clinical vignette study examines whether providing AI explanations to biased AI models enhances clinician diagnostic accuracy.
In Reply We appreciate the comments by Dr Marret and colleagues about our recently published MAGENTA trial that evaluated magnesium sulfate compared with placebo administered to pregnant individuals at risk of imminent preterm birth between 30 and 34 weeks’ gestation.
In Reply We acknowledge the comments from Dr Hsu and colleagues and thank them for their interest in our study. However, we believe the findings from our study are both important and meaningful despite the concerns regarding prespecified target benchmarks for door-in-door-out time and our approach to cohort assembly.
In Reply Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities are a common adverse event for individuals with Alzheimer disease receiving amyloid-targeting therapies. In their Letter, Drs Pomara and Imbimbo thoughtfully explore the possibility that APOE-mediated breakdown of the blood-brain barrier could lead to increased concentrations of donanemab in the CSF and thus increase incidence of amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (edema and effusions). This hypothesis is important to consider.
To the Editor The MAGENTA trial showed that administration of intravenous magnesium sulfate prior to preterm birth at 30 to 34 weeks’ gestation did not improve offspring survival free of cerebral palsy at 2 years. No serious cardiovascular or respiratory adverse events were reported among the participants who received magnesium. This trial is important because births between 30 and 34 weeks’ gestation occur more commonly than those before 30 weeks’ gestation, and the use of prenatal magnesium may... Читать дальше...
To the Editor We have several concerns about the recent article that reported that median door-in-door-out time was longer than current recommendations for acute stroke transfer in the US.
To the Editor The TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 2 trial provided additional evidence that the APOE4 genotype is a risk factor for amyloid-related imaging abnormalities, especially cerebral edema and effusion. These findings are consistent with those from other clinical trials of β-amyloid–targeting monoclonal antibodies in patients with Alzheimer disease. During donanemab treatment, amyloid-related imaging abnormalities of edema/effusion were observed in only 15.7% of APOE ε4 noncarriers but in 22.8% of heterozygous... Читать дальше...
The growing significance of the holistic or totalistic concept of medical approach to disease has raised problems of importance to physicians generally, but important particularly to authorities responsible for medical education. The average medical graduate finds himself equipped after internship with grounding in the basic sciences of medicine and enough diagnostic acumen to search for and recognize objective disorders of body organs. With the aid of many laboratory devices he can establish a diagnosis... Читать дальше...