Новости за 23.04.2024

An estimated 8% of US adults, or about 20 million people, live with medical debt of at least $250, based on recent survey results from the nonprofits Peterson Health Center and KFF (formerly Kaiser Family Foundation). The majority of those with medical debt owe more than $1000. Now, a study that examined data from 93% of US counties found that the burden of unpaid medical bills might be affecting physical and mental health as well as shortening lives.

People will be able to buy an over-the-counter contraceptive pill, marketed by Perrigo Company as Opill, at major retailers and pharmacies in the US in late March, the manufacturer announced. A 1-month pack of the progestin-only pills costs $19.99, and a 3-month supply costs $49.99.

Past research has linked people’s exposure to microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) to health problems. MNPs have been found in a range of products, including food containers, cosmetics, and drinking water.

School shootings in the US surged over the past 25 years and mass shootings that occurred at kindergarten through 12th-grade school sites became more deadly, according to a study in Pediatrics.

This study uses data from the 2019 to 2022 cycles of the National Health Interview Survey to estimate the prevalence of type 1 diabetes among US youths and adults.

This study uses survey data to compare rates of political participation between US physicians and nonphysicians from 2017 to 2021.

This Review summarizes current best practices for risk stratification, clinical assessment, and selection of risk reduction interventions for falls in community-dwelling older adults.

Of the so-called received forms in poetry, the sonnet is most well-known and easily recognizable. Arriving into the English language in the 16th century from Italy, the most common variation is the so-called Shakespearian or English sonnet, comprising 14 lines in iambic pentameter (5 pairs of unstressed-stressed syllables), the first 3 quatrains with the familiar ABABCDCDEFEF rhyme scheme and concluding with a rhymed couplet. The first 12 lines typically frame a conceit or argument, which is then resolved, or revised, by the couplet. Читать дальше...

“I'm sorry, darling, that I missed your text; I've had 14 admissions overnight.” “Lucky and then some! Are the residents showing some pluck and helping in the fight?” “You know I find such metaphors distasteful; it's not a war; there are no enemies (except our charting software, which is hateful), just casualties of motiveless disease.” “No pensions, then, for widowers, I gather? The kids and I are going to be miffed if night rounds do you in.” “Sorry–I'd rather continue this but must complete my... Читать дальше...

This cross-sectional study discusses hospital performance after the incorporation of health equity adjustment into Medicare’s Hospital Value-Based Purchasing program.

In Reply We disagree with Drs Endo and Kami that the long duration of action of lepodisiran raises special safety concerns. Although we acknowledged in the article that a small phase 1 trial cannot definitively establish the safety of any new therapeutic agent, the observed incidence of minor concerns among participants shows no patterns suggestive of drug-induced adverse effects. Like many contemporary nucleic acid therapeutic agents, lepodisiran is conjugated with N-acetylgalactosamine, which facilitates... Читать дальше...

To the Editor In a recent randomized clinical trial, Dr Nissen and colleagues found that lepodisiran, an extended-duration short interfering RNA targeting lipoprotein(a), demonstrated high tolerability while decreasing serum lipoprotein(a) concentrations in a dose-dependent way over an extended period. These results were unexpected, necessitating a cautious approach to their interpretation. A significant concern is the potential for long-term toxicities due to the persistent therapeutic effects after a single dose.

This article summarizes a 2022 clinical practice guideline on falls prevention and management in older adults from the World Falls Guidelines Initiative.

In this narrative essay, a physician reflects on the way in which his residency program director’s unique background as a Master of Divinity helped him to focus on his growth as a human being rather than concentrating solely on clinical evaluations.

This JAMA Patient Page describes hyperthyroidism causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.

By H. C. Wood, M.D., Philadelphia, Pa.

This Viewpoint suggests that medical and public health journals should publish articles focused singularly on health without political bias when reporting on the health consequences of war.

We write to respond to the Viewpoint by Greenland et al that proposes a form of content moderation for medical journals. Greenland et al suggest that articles dealing with health care and health consequences during war should assiduously avoid discussing the politics of war. While JAMA and other medical journals routinely practice content moderation as part of the editing process, the application of content moderation by medical editors is based on the quality and importance of the science and the insights for medicine and public health. Читать дальше...

In Reply We appreciate the Letters from Drs Imperiale and colleagues and Dr Baird. Regarding SSLs of at least 1 cm in size, we are following the most recent US Multi-Society Task Force guidelines, which were cited by Imperiale and colleagues. These guidelines state “Because evidence of the risk of metachronous neoplasia associated with serrated lesions is evolving, whenever possible we have chosen not to include SSPs [sessile serrated polyps] and HPs [hyperplastic polyps] in our definitions of low-risk adenoma... Читать дальше...

To the Editor The study by Dr Barnell and colleagues raises methodological and clinical concerns. First, sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) 1 cm or larger are widely considered to be advanced precancerous lesions comparable to advanced adenomas, and their categorization as a nonfinding and part of the specificity calculation is unconventional. From the study’s Table 2, moving these lesions to the sensitivity calculation reduces sensitivity for advanced precancerous lesions from 46% (278/606) to 39%... Читать дальше...

This Medical News article is an interview with JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo and Virologist Davey Smith, head of the Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health at the University of California, San Diego.

Deaths associated with excessive alcohol use have been rising over the past 20 years. But during 2020-2021 they went up dramatically—from an average of about 138 000 deaths during 2016-2017 to more than 178 000 deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic. The change represents a 29% increase in lives lost, according to results published in the MMWR.

People who slept 5 or fewer hours each night had a higher risk of being diagnosed with type 2 diabetes than those who slept 7 to 8 hours, even if they followed a healthy diet, a cohort study published in JAMA Network Open found. Sleeping 5 hours or 3 to 4 hours per day was linked with a 16% and 41% increased risk of type 2 diabetes, respectively.

Observational studies have suggested that rapid viral testing for respiratory viruses is tied to lower use of antibiotics. Now, a meta-analysis published in JAMA Internal Medicine suggests that may not be the case, based on results from 11 randomized clinical trials involving about 6100 participants.

In several JAMA articles published in 2022 and 2023, an incorrect institution was published in Dr Califf’s conflict of interest disclosure statements: the Center for Policy Analysis on Trade and Health should have been listed as the Critical Path Institute. The articles have been corrected online.