Eating speed and height loss in relation to overweight: A retrospective study

by Yuji Shimizu, Hidenobu Hayakawa, Eiko Honda, Nagisa Sasaki, Midori Takada, Takeo Okada, Testuya Ohira, Masahiko Kiyama

Fast eating is an independent risk factor for weight gain. Our previous study involving Japanese workers revealed that overweight (body mass index ≥ 25.0 kg/m²) is an independent risk factor for height loss. However, no studies have clarified the association between eating speed and height loss in relation to overweight status. A retrospective study of 8,982 Japanese workers was conducted. Height loss was defined as being in the highest quintile of height decrease per year. Compared with slow eating, fast eating was revealed to be positively associated with overweight; the fully adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 2.92 (2.29, 3.72). Among non-overweight participants, fast eaters had higher odds of height loss than slow eaters. Among overweight participants, fast eaters had lower odds of height loss; the fully adjusted OR (95% CI) was 1.34 (1.05, 1.71) for non-overweight individuals and 0.52 (0.33, 0.82) for overweight individuals. Since overweight was significantly positively associated with height loss [1.17(1.03, 1.32)], fast eating is not favorable for reducing the risk of height loss among overweight individuals. Those associations indicate that weight gain is not the main cause of height loss among Japanese workers who eat fast.