Airstrikes Pound Sudan's Capital as Conflict Enters Second Month
Intense battles in Khartoum and its sister cities of Bahri and Omdurman have raged despite Saudi and U.S.-brokered talks between the army and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) in Jeddah aimed at securing humanitarian access and a ceasefire.
The fighting has spread to the western region of Darfur, but has been concentrated in the capital, where RSF fighters have taken up positions across neighborhoods and the army has used airstrikes and heavy artillery fire to target them.
"We're under heavy bombardment now in Sharq el-Nil and Rapid Support are responding with anti-aircraft guns," said 55-year-old Awatef Saleh, referring to the area she lives in along the Nile in Bahri. "All this is happening near our homes, we're in a state of terror and fear."
In a voice message released by the RSF, its leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo dismissed rumors that he had been killed or injured in the battles.
"I am moving freely around my forces, I am present in Bahri, I am present in Omdurman, I am present in Khartoum, I am present in Sharq al-Nil," Dagalo said.
"They are spreading rumors that Mohamed Hamdan has been killed, and these are all lies that show that they are being defeated ... I am, thank God, present with the troops," he said.
Army chief General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan and Dagalo held the top positions on Sudan's ruling council following the 2019 overthrow of former leader Omar al-Bashir during a popular uprising and staged a coup two years later as a deadline to hand power to civilians approached.
The fighting began last month after disputes over plans for the RSF to join the army and the chain of command in a new political transition.
It has caused around 200,000 people to flee into nearby countries and more than 700,000 to be displaced inside Sudan, triggering a humanitarian crisis that threatens to destabilize the region.
Those still in Khartoum are struggling to survive.
"Goods are slowly disappearing, the stores are emptying out," said Mohamed, a resident in an area of Omdurman not yet hit by fighting. "Famine is coming for sure. If we aren't killed by the war, we'll die from the insecurity or hunger."
'Falling apart'
Residents reported a rise in looting and lawlessness after police vanished from the streets at the outset of the conflict. On Monday, Burhan replaced the head of the police, in one of several changes of senior officials, after the central government largely ceased to function.
The unrest has killed at least 676 people and injured 5,576, according to official figures, though the real toll is expected to be much higher. Most hospitals have been put out of service.
On Monday an employee of Sharq el-Nil (East Nile) hospital said the southern part of the facility had been hit by an airstrike.
A video on Facebook showed extensive damage to one side of the hospital. Reuters was able to confirm the location from the buildings seen in the video, which match file and satellite imagery, but was unable to verify independently when it was filmed.
The army said it had hit arms and fuel depots around the hospital, which it said had been occupied by the RSF, and that there were no civilian casualties.
Last week, the two sides agreed a "declaration of principles" to protect civilians and secure aid access, but enforcement mechanisms and a ceasefire are still being discussed.
Two activists in Geneina, capital of West Darfur, told Reuters that the army and RSF began clashing in the city on Sunday, two days after militia attacks in the city. At least 280 people have died in the violence in Geneina, medics say.
"The humanitarian situation is falling apart," said one of the activists, Jamal Abdallah.
The conflict has also enveloped the economy and trade. On Sunday Burhan froze the bank accounts of the RSF and affiliated firms and replaced the central bank governor.