An efficient approach to synthesize sterile allopolyploids in polyploid Carassius complex

Polyploidy is generally thought to be a main driving force of speciation, as the polyploids possess advantages in genome buffering, heterosis fixing, and plasticity evolving. From the perspective of agriculture and aquaculture, polyploidy can be considered as a key factor in crop and fish domestication as polyploids often have some economically favorable traits, such as increased yield, improved quality, and enhanced adaptability. Many major crops and farmed fishes are proposed to have arisen from one or two polyploidy events.