The many flawed equity investing rules of retail investors that don't stand up to scrutiny when it comes to earning real returns

Most retail portfolios tend to have many bets, many stocks, bought and held for various reasons. They dislike admitting it, but they do hold a portfolio of stocks, many of these losing value, but not sold. No one asks them to measure the return, or check if they really beat the market index. As long as there is a winner, they feel validated.