India has replaced its colonial-era criminal laws with three new statutes effective from July 1. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam introduce modern provisions like Zero FIR, electronic summons, and community service. They prioritize crimes against women and children, ensuring swift justice and enhanced victim protection. However, concerns about extended police custody, vaguely defined offenses, and the removal of legal aid provisions raise questions about civil liberties. The new laws aim to reflect Indian values and streamline the justice system.
