Can you tell if that song is AI-generated? Here are some things to check
LONDON (AP) — Is it The Velvet Underground or Velvet Sundown?
The fictitious rock group, Velvet Sundown, which comes complete with AI-generated music, lyrics and album art, is stoking debate about how the new technology is blurring the line between the real and synthetic in the music industry, and whether creators should be transparent with their audience.
Computer software is widely used in music production, and artificial intelligence is just the latest tool that disc jockeys, music producers and others have added to their production pipeline. But the rise of AI song generators such as Suno and Udio is set to transform the industry because they allow anyone to create songs with just a few prompts.
While some people do not care whether they're listening to AI-generated music, others might be curious to know.
If you encounter a new song that leaves you wondering whether it's 100% made with AI, there are some methods that could reveal how it was created.
Do a background check
If you're wondering who's behind a song, try some old-fashioned detective work.
The “most obvious cues” come from “external factors,” said Manuel Mousallam, head of research and development at streaming service Deezer.
Does the band or artist have social media accounts? Lack of a social presence might indicate there's no one there. If they do exist online, examine the kind of content they post, and how long it goes back.
Is there any sign that the artist or band exists in real life? Are there any upcoming concerts and can you buy a ticket for a gig? Is there footage of past concerts on YouTube? Has an established record label released their singles or albums?
Try going to the source. Song creators often — but not always — publish their generated tunes on the Suno or Udio platforms, where they can be found by other users.
The catch is that you'll have to sign up for an account to get access. Users can look up songs by track name or the creator's handle, and browse genres and playlists. But it can still be difficult to spot a song, especially if you don't know the name of the song or creator.
Song tags
Deezer has been flagging albums containing AI-generated songs, as part of its efforts to be more transparent as it battles streaming fraudsters looking to make quick money through royalty payments.
The Deezer app and website will notify listeners with an on-screen label — “AI-generated content” — to point out that some tracks on an album were created with song generators.
The company's CEO says the system relies on in-house technology to detect subtle but recognizable patterns found in all audio created by AI song generators. The company hasn't specified how many songs it has tagged since it rolled out the feature in June, but says up to 18% of songs uploaded to its platform each day are AI-generated.
Song scanners
There are a few third-party services available online that promise to determine whether a song is human-made or generated by AI.
I uploaded a few songs I generated to the online detector from IRCAM Amplify, a subsidiary of French music and sound research institute IRCAM. It said the probability that they were AI-generated ranged from 81.8% to 98% and accurately deduced that they were made with Suno.
As a cross-check, I also uploaded some old MP3s from my song library, which got a very low AI probability score.
But a handful of results shouldn't be taken as a sign of overall accuracy. “The AI detector can make mistakes. It is recommended to verify the results," the detector warns.
The drawback with IRCAM's tool is that you can’t paste links to songs, so you can't check tunes that you can only hear on a streaming service.
There are a few other websites that let you both upload song files and paste Spotify links for analysis, but they have their own limitations. When I tried them out for this story, the results were either inconclusive or flagged some AI songs as human-made and vice versa.
Check the lyrics
AI song tools can churn out both music and lyrics. Many serious users like to write their own words and plug them in because they've discovered that AI-generated lyrics tend to be bad.
Casual users, though, might prefer to just let the machine write them. So bad rhyming schemes or repetitive lyrical structures might be a clue that a song is not man-made. But it's subjective.
Some users report that Suno tends to use certain words in its lyrics like “neon," “shadows” or “whispers.”
If a song includes these words, it’s “a dead giveaway” that it’s AI, said Lukas Rams, a Philadelphia-area resident. He has used Suno to create three albums for his AI band Sleeping with Wolves but writes his own lyrics. “I don’t know why, it loves to put neon in everything.”
No easy answers
AI technology is improving so quickly that there’s no foolproof way to determine if content is real or not and experts say you can't just rely on your ear.
“In general, it can be difficult to tell if a track is AI-generated just from listening, and it’s only becoming more challenging as the technology gets increasingly advanced,” said Mousallam of Deezer. “Generative models such as Suno and Udio are constantly changing, meaning that old identifiers – such as vocals having a distinctive reverb – are not necessarily valid anymore.”