Jarvis: Pioneering Oregon project targets youth mental health crisis

A new type of mental health provider offers more early intervention to help meet growing demand.

Last year saw a stream of dismal headlines about kids’ mental health. Children and teens in the United States are struggling with higher levels of depression and anxiety. Rates of suicides and eating disorders are on the rise. But now there’s reason to be hopeful: An ambitious experiment in Oregon could point the way to a novel solution.

Much of the last two years has been spent trying to parse the root cause of the alarming statistics rather than discussing what to do about them, though there has been some positive change. New guidelines recommending widespread screening for childhood anxiety and depression were a good start. So was the Biden administration’s investment in helping better connect families to behavioral and health services. And several states have expanded training for educators and improved access to telehealth.

But none of those can fully address a fundamental problem: The number of kids who need help exceeds the number of available mental health providers. The pediatric mental health workforce hasn’t expanded, despite ever-growing demand. A 2019 study that used data from the National Survey of Children’s Health found that about half of the kids with a mental health disorder did not receive treatment. The shortfall is likely even worse now.

“We need to try something new — something that’s radically different than what we’ve been doing, which is clearly not working,” child clinical psychologist Katie McLaughlin told me.

Early interventions

That’s where the Oregon experiment fits in. McLaughlin recently left Harvard to be the executive director of the Ballmer Institute for Children’s Behavioral Health, which was launched at the University of Oregon in 2022 with the goal of rapidly expand the workforce by creating a new type of mental health provider. The endeavor was made possible by a $425 million gift from Connie and Steve Ballmer (the latter of Microsoft fame).

The bachelor’s-level position, called a child behavioral health specialist, will work in community settings to identify struggling kids and offer brief and early interventions to help them.

During their last two years of college, students enrolled at Ballmer will receive intensive, hands-on training on evidence-backed interventions. They will gain experience first at Portland-area elementary and high schools, and could later choose to embed at pediatricians’ offices, community centers or preschools. When they graduate, they will be ready to go out into the field.

These students won’t replace school counselors or psychiatrists, who have graduate-level degrees. But in an ideal world, brief interventions could prevent some kids from ever needing more intensive resources, freeing up people with advanced degrees to focus on those who need them most.

There’s good reason to believe the Oregon experiment will work. The U.K. pioneered a highly successful “low intensity” mental health workforce as part of a 2008 plan to expand access to services. Part of that effort involved establishing a new type of provider called a “Psychological Wellbeing Practitioner,” who offers brief interventions to struggling adults. Anyone who doesn’t benefit is referred to more intensive therapy. An analysis found that the program had a major impact on lowering levels of depression and anxiety in the U.K.

A new layer of support

So the model is sound, but the experiment in Oregon still has plenty to prove. McLaughlin will need to produce robust data that her students are having a positive impact on children — but that evidence shouldn’t take long to collect. The first cohort heads into classrooms next fall. McLaughlin says anyone who interacts with a Ballmer student — whether that’s a child, parent, school administrator or pediatrician — will be handed an iPad to offer feedback on the experience, allowing a quick assessment on whether a child or family was satisfied with their experience and, in time, whether the services provided actually improve kids’ mental health.

The Ballmer Institute is essentially creating a new profession, which entails some practical challenges. The first hurdle was cleared in late 2022, when the state higher education commission approved the program. The next is working with policymakers to establish standards for becoming certified as a child behavioral health specialist, as well as defining the kind of services such a professional will be allowed to deliver. And then there’s convincing insurers, including state Medicaid programs, that the care provided by these new professionals is worth paying for.

But if this experiment works, other institutions might consider adopting the new degree, in theory helping to establish a new layer of support for children around the country.

The price tag on the Ballmer’s experiment can’t be ignored. Not every institution will be handed more than $400 million to try fix the mental health crisis. But if Ballmer can show the concept works, it shouldn’t be too hard for others to follow. The price of the status quo is just too high to ignore.

Lisa Jarvis is a Bloomberg Opinion columnist covering biotech, health care and the pharmaceutical industry. ©2023 Bloomberg. Distributed by Tribune Content Agency.